Ventilator.



mvslrseo'." PATENTEDJUNB 7,. 1' 904Q 5 S. H. JAGOBSON.

' VENTILATDR.

APPLICATION rum) JAN. s, 1903. no MODEL.

- 7722276 I v r 115914922 JwZ swa UNITED STATES.

Patented June 7, 1904.-

PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL HOUSTON JACOBSON, OF NEW YORK, N. ASSIGNOR TO NATIONALVENTILATING COMPANY, OF NEW'ARK, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEWJERSEY.

VENTILATOR.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 761,680, dated June'7, 1904.

Application filed January 6, 1908. Serial No. 138,008. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, SAMUEL HOUSTON J Acon- SON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York city, New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Ventilators, of which the following is aspecification.

In an application for patent filed by me of I even date herewith I haveshown and described certain improvements in ventilators designed forventilating the hold, cabin, rooms, or other apartments of a ship, car,or stationary building structure from a point above the deck or roofthereof, the same consisting of a rotary cowl mounted upon the upper endof the pipe or conduit leading to thespace to be ventilated, means forautomatically maintaining said cowl in line with the direction ofmovement of the wind, and a two-winged valve in said cowl which formswith the body thereof a contracted passage therethrough, one of thewings of said valve serving to cut ofl' the direct ventilating pipe orconduit and automatically turned by the wind, so as to cut off said pipeor conduit from the direct current of air and forming with the body ofsaid cowl a contracted passage therethrough.

The details of my invention will herein after appear, and the novelfeatures thereof will be set forth in the claims.

. In the drawings, forming part of this speci fication, Figure 1 is asectional elevation of one form of my ventilator. Fig. 2 is a horizontalsection of the same, taken on the line 2 2 ofFig. 1. Fig. Sis adetailperspective view of the rotary valve employed; and Fig. 4 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 1, showing a modification.

- Like reference-numerals indicate like parts in the different views.

The ventilating pipeor conduit 1 communicateswith the apartment orapartments to be ventilated and, as shown,.is vertically disposed at itsupper end. The same is designed to project above-the deck of aship orthe roof of a car or building, as is common, and has secured to, it thecowl 2. The said cowl is formed with a central body 3 and expanded endsor funnels 4, 5, '6, and .7. In the form of my invention herein shownthe body 3 of the cowl is rectangular in form, although this particularform is not essential. The number of sides with which it is provided maybe increased or decreased without departing from my invention. Thefunnels or expanded-ends 4, 5, 6, and 7 have. also been shown aspyramidal in form--that is, rectangular in crosssection. This particularshape of said funnels is also not an essential feature of my invention,as the same may be otherwise shaped,

if desired. I prefer the pyramidal form, however, as it enables me-toconstruct the several funnels with common divisionwalls 8, as shown inFig. 2 of the drawings. The bottom wall of the body 3 of the cowl isformed with a circular opening through which the ventilating pipe orconduit 1 extends, the latter being secured in place to the body of thecowl by means of bolts, rivets, or other analog uring devices extendingthrough the annular flange 9, which surrounds the opening in said body.1 The upper end of the pipe or conduit 1 has been shown as projectingslightly above the upper surface of the bottom wall of the body 3.Mounted for rotation within the body of the cowl is a valve 10,

the same being preferably constructed ofv sheet metal and designed forthe purpose of cutting off the direct current of'air entering the cowlfrom the ventilating pipe or conduit 1, while permitting of an upwardinduced draft being created in said ventilating pipe or conduit for thepurpose of removing the foul 0r vitiated air from the apartment withwhich said pipe or conduit communicates. The valve 10 is of generallyconcave-convex form. The side 11 thereof is preferably in the shape of aportion of a sphere, the lower edge 12 of said side lying in a planesubstantially parallel with the bottom wall of the body 3 of the cowl.Said lower edge 12 has been shown as semicircular, the same embracing,lying in close relation to, and cooperating with the upper projectingend of the pipe or conduit 1. The other part, 13, of said valve is flat,or sub stantially so, the same being curved along its lines of junctionwith the part 11, as shown at 14Lthat is to say, the part 13 of saidvalve lies substantially parallel to the upper wall of the body 3 of thecowl throughout the greater portion of its extent, but is curvedtransversely at one end, so as to merge into the curved wall of the part11.

The valve 10 is secured to an axis or shaft 15, which extends up throughthe top wall of the body 3 of the cowl and is provided with a vane 16.The upper wall of the cowl-body is provided with a flangedbearing-sleeve 17, through which the shaft or axis 15 projects, and saidshaft or axis is formed with a hood 18, which surrounds the upper end ofsaid bearing-sleeve and serves to prevent the ingress of water and thelike around the bearings. The said hood 18 may, if desired, move incontact with the flange on the bearing-sleeve 17, and thus provide forthe support of the valve 10 and the vane 16 from the upper wall of thecowlbody. To counterbalance the vane 16, the same may be provided on theside thereof opposite its wing with a laterally-projecting arm19, havinga ball or weight 20 on its free end. Any other suitable form ofcounterbalaneing device, however, may be substituted for that shown. Thevane 16 is located directly above the part 13 of the valve 10. Theaction of the wind on said vane therefore serves to constantly maintainthe part 11 of said valve in a position facing the direction from whichthe wind is blowing. The said part 11, therefore, always receives thedirect impact ofthe air ontering the cowl 2. As this part of the valvesurrounds the upper end of the ventilating pipe or conduit 1, the directcurrent of air is cut off from said pipe or conduit, and consequentlydust, cinders, water, and other extraneous matter carried by the windare prevented from entering the apartments to be ventilated with whichsaid pipe or conduit communicates. The air after impinging against theconvex part 11 of the valve passes through the contracted space betweenthe part 13 of said valve and the upper wall of the cowl-body. The sameis therefore materially compressed, and as it is discharged through oneor more of the funnels at the sides of said cowl it acts with increasedforce to create an induced upward current through the pipe or conduit 1from the space or apartment to be ventilated. The foul gases andvitiated air are thus auton'iatically removed.

As above stated, the lower edge 12 of the valve 10 has been shown assemicircular in form. The same therefore covers or cuts off one-half ofthe upper end of the pipe or conduit 1. 1f the wind be blowing inthedirection of the arrow shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the valve 10will be :uitomatically moved by means of the vane 16, so as to assumethe position shown in said ligure that is, the lower edge 12 of saidvalve will extend from the center of the inner end of thefunnel 6 to thecenter of the inner end of the funnel 7. All of the air will then enterthrough the funnel4: and be discharged through the funnel 5. If, on theother hand, the wind be blowing in the direction of the dividing-wall 8between the funnels and 6, the valve ,10 will be automatically turnedthrough the medium of the vane 16, so that the lower edge 12 thereofwill extend from a point in line with the dividing-wall between thefunnels 5 and 6 to a point in line with the dividing-wall between thefunnels 4 and 7. The wind will then enter the cowl through the funnels 1and 6 and be discharged therefrom through the funnels 5 and 7. The part11 of the valve '11), however, will, as in the first case, receive theimpactof the air and will effectually cut off the pipe or conduit 1 fromthe direct current. vIt will thus be seen that the valve acts in thesame manner in whichever way the wind may be blowing, serving to preventthe entrance of the direct current of air to the ventilating pipe orconduit 1 and the ingress of any extraneous matter carried thereby tosaid pipe or conduit. At the same time it provides for an induced upwardcurrent through the pipe or conduit 1.

In Fig. 4 of the drawings 1 have shown a modification of the method ofmounting the rotary valve 10. In this form of my invention the valve .10is secured to a verticallydisposed shaft 21, which extends above andbelow said valve. The lower end of said shaft fits and moves'within asocket in the upper surface of a bearing-plate 22, which is locatedwithin the pipe or conduit 1 and is supported in a central positiontherein by means of the angularly-arranged arms 23. The said plateserves, therefore, as a support and as a bearing for the shaft 21 andthe parts carried thereby. Above the valve ll) the shaft 21 extendsthrough an opening in the upper wall of the body 3 of the cowl, the saidopening being preferably provided with a bearing-sleeve 24. A collar 25is provided on said shaft for preventing the upward movement thereof andof the valve to which the same is secured. The operation of this form ofmy invention is the same as that first described, but is deemed by me tobe the better form, in that the bearing-plate 22 is completely protectedfrom the access of water and the like thereto by the valve 10, which islocated above it. Furthermore, the weight of said valve and the partscarried thereby is sustained by the ventilating pipe or conduit 1instead of by the sheet-metal cowl thereon.

Both forms of the device are entirely automatic in their operation, andthe parts thereof are so constructed and arranged. that it is difficult,if not impossible, for them to become broken or to get out of order. Allof said parts are preferably made of metal, are sirapl y constructed andcheaply made, and do not require careful fitting.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a ventilator, a cowl, designed to be mounted upon a ventilatingpipe or conduit, having a passage therethrough and having an openingtherein for connection with said pipe, and a rotary valve in said cowlhaving two parts, one of which is in the shape of a portion of a sphereand serves. to cut off the direct current of air from said opening, andthe other of which is flat, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a ventilator, a cowl, designed to be' with respect thereto, as andfor the purpose set forth.

' 3. In a ventilator, a cowl, designed to be I mounted upon aventilating pipe or conduit,

other of which is flat and lies substantially parallel to the upper wallof the cowl-body, and means whereby said valveis automatically turnedbythe. wind to maintain the same in proper position with respectthereto, as and for the, purpose set forth.

4:. In a ventilator, a cowl, designed to be mounted on a ventilatingpipe or conduit, having. a passage therethrough and having an openingtherein for connection with said pipe,

, a valve mounted for rotation in said cowl about said opening, the saidvalve having two parts, one of which has a convex outer surface and isin the form of a portion of a sphere with the lower edge thereofsurrounding said opening and lying in a plane substantially parallelwith that portion of the cowl adjacent to said opening, and the other ofwhich is flattened, and means on said valve whereby the same isautomatically turned by the wind to maintain'the convex part thereof ina position facing the direction from which the wind is blowing, as andfor the purpose set forth.

5. In a'ventilator, a cowl, designed to be mounted upon a ventilatingpipe or conduit, having a passage therethrough and having an openingtherein for connection with said pipe,

a valve mounted for rotation in said cowl about said opening, the saidvalve having two parts, one of which has a convex outer surface and isin the form of a portion of a sphere with the lower edge thereofsurrounding said opening and lying in a plane substantially parallelwith that portion of. the' cowl adjacent to said opening, and the otherof which is flattened, with a rounded portion adjacent to the convexpart of said valve, a shaft or axis secured to said valve extendingthrough the upper wall of said cowl and mounted in suitable bearingstherein, and a vane secured to said shaft or axis whereby said valve-isautomatically turned bythe wind to maintain the convex part thereof in aposition facing the-direction from which the wind is blowing,

as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a ventilator, the combination with a ventilating pipe or conduit,of a stationarycowl thereon comprising a central hollow bodycommunicating with said pipe or conduit, and a series of expanded endsor funnels communicating with the sides of said body at differentpoints, and a rotary valve in said body having two parts, one of whichis in the shape of a portion of a sphere and serves to cut off thedirect current of air'from said pipe, and the other of which is flat, asand for the purpose set forth.

7. In a ventilator, the combination with a ventilating pipe or conduit,of astationary cowl thereon comprising a central hollow body having anopening in the bottom wall thereof, through and above which said pipeprojects, and a series of expanded ends or funnels communicating withthe sides of said body at different points, and a rotary valve in saidbody having two parts, one of which is in the shape of a portion of asphere and cooperates with the projecting upper end of said pipe orconduit for cutting off the direct current of ,air from said pipe, andthe other of which is flat, as and for the purpose 'set forth.

8. In a ventilator, the combination with a ventilating pipe or conduit,of astationary cowl thereon comprising a central hollow bodycommunicating with said pipe or conduit, and a series of expanded endsor funnels communieating with the sides of said body at differentpoints, a valve mounted for rotation in said body above said pipe, thesaid valve having a convex portion in the shape .of a portion of asphere whose lower edge surrounds said pipe and moves in close relationthereto, and also having a flat portion, and means on said valve wherebythe same is automatically turned by the wind to maintain said convexportion in a position facing the direction from which the wind isblowing, as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In a ventilator, the combination with a ventilating pipe or conduitleading from the space to be ventilated, of a stationary cowl thereoncomprising a central hollow body having an opening in the bottom wallthereof, through and above which said pipe projects, and a series ofexpanded ends or funnels communicating with the sides of said body atdifferent points, a valve mounted for rotation in said body above saidpipe, the said valvehaving two parts, one of which has a convex outersurface and is in the form of a portion of a sphere with the lower edgethereof surrounding and moving in close relation to the projecting upperend of said pipe, and the other of which is flattened, with a roundedportion adjacent to the convex part of said valve, and means on saidvalve whereby the same is automatically turned by the wind to maintainthe convex part thereof in a position facing the direction from whichthe wind is blowing, as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

SAMUEh llOUS'lON .lACOllSUN.

\Vitnesses:

WM. M. S'IOCKBRIDGE, J. J. REILLY.

